Security Analysis Part II Chapter 10

1. 鄭丁旺中會複習：「負債準備」是時間或金融不確定的負債

• 由過去的義務事項所產生的現時義務；且
• 很有可能須要流出含有經濟利益的資源以履行該義務；及
• 履行該義務的金額能夠可靠地估計。

2. 以財報面來說：

• to reduce assets from original book value to some more appropriate figure
• to reflect liabilities of a somewhat indefinite character, or of uncertain payment date, arising from past events
• to provide for expected or merely possible losses arising from future events

3. 仔細分辨準備，悲觀的屬於真實負債，或者只是股東權益。